Screening

Step 1: Learning Objectives

  • Describe the characteristics of diseases appropriate for screening.
  • Distinguish between primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
  • Calculate and interpret sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value.
  • Learn the relationship between sensitivity and specificity when determining the cutpoint (“criterion of positivity”) of a screening test.
  • Understand the relationship between disease prevalence and positive predictive value.
  • Define length-time bias, lead-time bias, and volunteer bias.
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