For many African Americans, this was and continues to the basis of "black rage." The conditions that led to dependency on welfare were generally put into place or maintained by political policies of inequality. These were cir-cumstances well beyond the control of the Little family and other families of color. Yet, they were routinely degraded for receiving welfare. The feeling of anger and frustration associated with this situation, remained with Malcolm X for much of his life and shaped the direction of his political ideas.
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